I am following uncle bob clean architecture to some extent and for that I have to implement UseCase Interactor and Repository pattern for Implementing Paging 3.0.

I haven't find any example that handle network response code and Api Error with Paging. I am building a Gallery app that can fetch images from multiple sources like Unsplash or Pixabay and map PagingData to my PagingData.

I want to know where can I handle ApiResponse and Network Error FetchPhotoUseCase.kt

In order to handle ApiResponse, I have created below class

sealed class ApiResponse<out R> {
    data class Success<out T>(val data: T) : ApiResponse<T>()
    data class Error(val errorMessage: String) : ApiResponse<Nothing>()
    object Empty : ApiResponse<Nothing>()
}

PhotoRepository.kt

interface PhotoRepository {
    fun searchPhotos(queryString: String): Flow<PagingData<PhotoBO>>
}

PhotoRepositoryImpl.kt

class PhotoRepositoryImpl @Inject constructor(
    private val unsplashApi: UnsplashApi
) :PhotoRepository{
    override fun searchPhotos(queryString: String): Flow<PagingData<PhotoBO>> {
        return Pager(
            config = PagingConfig(
                pageSize = 20,
                maxSize = 100,
                enablePlaceholders = false
            ),
            pagingSourceFactory = { UnsplashPagingSource(unsplashApi, queryString) }
        ).flow.mapLatest { pagingData ->
            pagingData.map {
                it.toPhotoBO()
            }
        }
    }
}

FetchPhotoUseCase.kt

class FetchPhotoUseCase @Inject constructor(
    private val photoRepository: PhotoRepository
) : UseCaseWithParams<String,Flow<PagingData<PhotoBO>>>()
{
    override suspend fun buildUseCase(params: String): Flow<PagingData<PhotoBO>> {
        return photoRepository.searchPhotos(params)
    }
}
      

What if there isn't any network connected or api fail due to any reason. I want to know how and at which layer I have to handle those errors

At which level ApiResponse is handle and how to implement it in clean architecture..